involuntary

Definitions

Done without will or conscious control; automatic.

Happening or existing against one's wishes or desire.

Examples

A sudden loud noise caused an involuntary jump from everyone in the room.

The patient suffered from involuntary muscle spasms that made it difficult to walk.

Her laughter was completely involuntary when she heard the comedian's silly joke.

Synonyms

unconscious automatic instinctive reflexive unintentional spontaneous compulsive

Antonyms

voluntary intentional deliberate conscious willful planned purposeful